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SQL के सभी महत्वपूर्ण कथन और सिंटैक्स पर ध्यान दें

एसक्यूएल त्वरित नोट

इस नोट में SQL के सभी महत्वपूर्ण कथन और उनका सिंटैक्स शामिल है।

💡नोट:

यह नोट आपको SQL के मूल सिंटैक्स को शीघ्रता से सीखने में मदद करता है। डेटाबेस प्रकार के आधार पर सिंटैक्स थोड़ा भिन्न हो सकता है।

SQL कथन और वाक्यविन्यास

एसक्यूएल कथन वाक्यविन्यास
AND / OR SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
AND|OR condition
ALTER TABLE ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD column_name datatype
या
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP COLUMN column_name
एएस (छद्म नाम) SELECT column_name AS column_alias
FROM table_name
या
SELECT column_name
FROM table_name AS table_alias
BETWEEN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
BETWEEN value1 AND value2
CREATE DATABASE CREATE DATABASE database_name
CREATE TABLE CREATE TABLE table_name
(
column_name1 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
column_name3 data_type,
...
)
CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)
या
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)
CREATE VIEW CREATE VIEW view_name AS
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
DELETE DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE some_column=some_value
या
DELETE FROM table_name
(नोट: संपूर्ण तालिका हटा दी गई है!!)
DROP DATABASE DROP DATABASE database_name
DROP TABLE DROP TABLE table_name
GROUP BY SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value
IN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
IN (value1,value2,..)
INSERT INTO INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)
या
INSERT INTO table_name
(column1, column2, column3,...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)
INNER JOIN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
INNER JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
LEFT JOIN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
LEFT JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
RIGHT JOIN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
RIGHT JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
FULL JOIN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
FULL JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
LIKE SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE pattern
ORDER BY SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC]
SELECT SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
SELECT * SELECT *
FROM table_name
SELECT DISTINCT SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
SELECT INTO SELECT *
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name
या
SELECT column_name(s)
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name
SELECT TOP SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)
FROM table_name
TRUNCATE TABLE TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
UNION SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
UNION ALL SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
UPDATE UPDATE table_name
SET column1=value, column2=value,...
WHERE some_column=some_value
WHERE SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value

अभ्यास

❓बाद में किसी तालिका से अद्वितीय मानों का चयन करने के लिए किस SQL ​​कथन का उपयोग किया जाता है?

SELECT
✗ ग़लत! SELECT सभी मान लौटाता है
SELECT DISTINCT
✓ ठीक है! SELECT DISTINCT केवल विशिष्ट मान लौटाता है
SELECT UNIQUE
✗ ग़लत! SELECT UNIQUE मान्य SQL सिंटैक्स नहीं है
SELECT DIFFERENT
✗ ग़लत! SQL में SELECT DIFFERENT मौजूद नहीं है